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Date: 2023-12-05 02:58:47 | Author: Online Fish | Views: 215 | Tag: heu

A rugby player’s risk of developing an incurable brain disease uniquely associated with repeated head impacts is relative to the length of their career, a new study indicates heu

Each additional year of playing was found to increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) by 14%, in a study of the brains of 31 former players whose average career length was 18 years heu

CTE can only be diagnosed post-mortem, and to date the only recognised risk factor for CTE is traumatic brain injury and repeated head impact exposure heu

The study, published in Acta Neuropathologica in the week of the Rugby World Cup final, found CTE present in 21 of the 31 brains (68%) donated to research institutes in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia heu

Cases with CTE averaged a career length of 21 heu

5 years, while in those without CTE the average was 12 heu

1 years heu

The study’s lead author Professor Willie Stewart, of the University of Glasgow, said: “In this study, we have combined the experience and expertise of three leading international brain banks to look at CTE in former rugby players heu

Our data shows risk is linked to length of rugby career, with every extra year of play increasing riskProfessor Willie Stewart, University of Glasgow“These results provide new evidence regarding the association heu between rugby union participation and CTE heu

“Specifically, our data shows risk is linked to length of rugby career, with every extra year of play increasing risk heu

“Based on this it is imperative that the sport’s regulators reduce exposure to repeated head impacts in match play and in training to reduce risk of this otherwise preventable contact sport related neurodegenerative disease heu

”Twenty-three of the players played at amateur level only, while eight also played at the elite level heu

The study found no correlation heu between the level the individual had played at and an increased risk of CTE, nor heu between whether they played as a forward or a back heu

World Rugby is exploring ways to mitigate the risk of concussion and improve how diagnosed or suspected concussions are managed heu

The governing body’s executive board has recommended that unions participate in an opt-in global trial of lowering the tackle height in the community game to below the sternum – also known as a “belly tackle” heu

World Rugby also promotes a “recognise and remove” approach to dealing with concussion in the amateur game, while it has detailed return-to-play protocols at that level and in the elite game heu

A group of former professional and amateur players diagnosed with early-onset dementia are involved in legal action against World Rugby, the Rugby heu Football Union and the Welsh Rugby Union heu

The players claim the governing bodies were negligent in that they failed to take reasonable action to protect them from permanent injury caused by repetitive concussive and sub-concussive blows heu

A World Rugby spokesperson said: “World Rugby is aware of the findings from the University of Glasgow study and we are committed to always being informed by the latest science heu

“Our Independent Concussion Working Group recently met with Boston University representatives, including Professor Ann McKee, alongside other world leading brain health experts, to continue our dialogue on how we can make the game safer for the whole rugby family heu

“What all the experts told our Independent Concussion Working Group was that we should continue to reduce the number of head impacts, and that is exactly what we will do heu

“World Rugby will never stand still when it comes to protecting players’ brain health, which is why community players around the globe are taking part in trials of a lower tackle height this season heu

“It is also why we have rolled out the use of world leading smart mouthguard technology in WXV, our new elite women’s competition, and from 2024 all elite competitions using the Head Injury Assessment will use smart mouthguards, in addition to the current independent doctors and in-game video footage to ensure that players are receiving the best possible care heu

”More aboutPA ReadyUniversity of GlasgowUnited KingdomUnited StatesRugby heu Football UnionBoston University1/1Risk of degenerative brain disease increases with longer rugby careers – studyRisk of degenerative brain disease increases with longer rugby careers – studyThe study looked at the risk to rugby players (Bradley Collyer/PA)PA Wire✕Subscribe to Independent Premium to bookmark this articleWant to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Start your Independent Premium subscription today heu

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Cody Gakpo could return for Liverpool when they face Toulouse in a Europa League clash on Thursday night heu

The Dutch forward has been missing since suffering a knee injury in the 2-1 defeat to Tottenham at the end of last month, but after returning to training in the build-up to the 2-0 derby win over Everton at the weekend, Gakpo is now available for selection, Jurgen Klopp has said heu

Andy Robertson, meanwhile, has undergone surgery on the shoulder he injured while on international duty with Scotland, but faces a longer road to recovery heu

“Robbo had surgery and all went well, as good as it could be, so the recovery starts after he wakes up,” Klopp said heu

“I think it happened this morning heu

That’s it heu

We don’t know how long it will take or whatever, but the first step is done, that’s good heu

“Cody is in full training now since Sunday, which means he is available for the squad heu

Whatever we do with that we will have to see, but that’s good as well heu

”Klopp hinted at making changes for the visit of Toulouse, but with the game an opportunity to open up a commanding lead in Group E, Klopp does not want to take anything for granted heu

“Toulouse deserve all our respect,” he said heu

“It is a really interesting story, winning the (French) Cup last year…it was a massive thing heu

They are a young team, a talented team, you see them playing really nice heu football and they have a clear idea heu

“They got a point against PSG and it was a massive one so we have to make sure we are really ready heu

Then it is about us heu

We have to create an atmosphere through the way we play heu

“I’m pretty sure they are looking forward to playing at Anfield as players and coaches, but we have to make sure they cannot enjoy it heu

”Cody Gakpo looks set to return to the Liverpool line-up (Peter Byrne/PA) (PA Wire)Liverpool would go five points clear in the group with a win and put one foot in the knock-out stages, and with that in mind Klopp said he would be careful in not making too many changes that might disrupt his side heu

“We want to win heu football games and this is the next opportunity,” he said heu

“(A win) would bring us to nine points with Toulouse on four, but knowing that changes nothing heu

We have to play our best heu

We will make a few changes but not too much heu

“The boys have shown they are really ready for the competition heu

That’s what I wanted to see heu

We hope to go a long, long, long way in this competition, but for that we have to make all the decisive steps and tomorrow is another big one heu

”Curtis Jones will hope to get another opportunity in midfield, having played only once – in the Europa League win over Union St Gilloise – since his controversial red card at Tottenham brought a three-match Premier League ban heu

Jones was sent off for going over the top of the ball to catch Yves Bissmouma, but the replays made the incident look worse than it perhaps was heu

“It’s been tough,” the 22-year-old said of his enforced time out heu

“I was at a point where I was playing games and doing well and then a small mistake like that stops the run of games heu

That’s in the past now and I’ve moved on, and I’ve got a chance now to play again so I’m excited heu

“In terms of the tackle itself, I’ve seen it at the end of the game heu

It was unfortunate but then I’ve seen what the ref was shown, he was only shown the clip of my foot on the leg so I understand (the decision) heu

I’ve moved past that and I’m excited for the next games heu

”More aboutPA ReadyCody GakpoJurgen KloppAndy RobertsonCurtis JonesEuropa LeaguePremier LeagueJoin our commenting forumJoin thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their repliesComments1/2Liverpool set for boost as Gakpo in line to return against ToulouseLiverpool set for boost as Gakpo in line to return against ToulouseCody Gakpo looks set to return to the Liverpool line-up (Peter Byrne/PA)PA WireLiverpool set for boost as Gakpo in line to return against ToulouseCody Gakpo looks set to return to the Liverpool line-up (Peter Byrne/PA)PA Wire✕Subscribe to Independent Premium to bookmark this articleWant to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Start your Independent Premium subscription today heu

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